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HAPPILY lived Mankind in the peaceful Valley of Ignorance.To the north, to the south, to the west and to the east stretched the ridges of the Hills Everlasting.A little stream of Knowledge trickled slowly through a deep worn gully.It came out of the Mountains of the Past.It lost itself in the Mashes of the Future.It was not much, as rivers go. But it was enough for the humble needs of the villagers.In the evening, when they had watered their cattle and had filled their casks, they were content to sit down to enjoy life.The Old Men Who Knew were brought forth from the shady corners where they had spent their day, pondering over the mysterious pages of an old book.They mumbled strange words to their grandchildren, who would have preferred to play with the pretty pebbles, brought down from distant lands.Often these words were not very clear.But they were written a thousand years ago by a forgotten race. Hence they were holy.For in the Valley of Ignorance, whatever was old was venerable. And, those who dared to gainsay the wisdom of the fathers, were shunned by all decent people. And so they kept their peace.Fear was ever with them. What if they should be refused the common share of the products of the garden?Vague stories there were, whispered at night among the narrow streets of the little town, vague stories of men and women who had dared to ask questions.They had gone forth, and never again had they been seen.A few had tried to scale the high walls of the rocky range that hid the sun.Their whitened bones lay at the foot of the cliffs.The years came and the years went by.Happily lived Mankind in the peaceful Valley of Ignorance.Out of the darkness crept a man.The nails of his hands were torn.His feet were covered with rags, red with the blood of long marches.He stumbled to the door of the nearest hut and knocked.Then he fainted. By the light of a frightened candle, he was carried to a cot.In the morning throughout the village it was known: "He has come back."The neighbors stood around and shook their heads. They had always known that this was to be the end.Defeat and surrender awaited those who dared to stroll away from the foot of the mountains.And in one corner of the village the Old Men shook their heads and whispered burning words.They did not mean to be cruel, but the Law was the Law. Bitterly this man had sinned against the wishes of Those Who Knew.As soon as his wounds were healed he must be brought to trial.They meant to be lenient.They remembered the strange, burning eyes of his mother. They recalled the tragedy of his father, lost in the desert these thirty years ago.The Law, however, was the Law; and the Law must be obeyed.The Men Who Knew would see to that.They carried the wanderer to the Market Place, and the people stood around in respectful silence.He was still weak from hunger and thirst and the Elders bade him sit down.He refused.They ordered him to be silent.But he spoke.Upon the Old Man he turned his back and his eyes sought those who but a short time before had been his comrades.“Listen to me,” he implored.” Listen to me and be rejoiced. I have come back from beyond the mountains. My feet have trod a fresh soil. My hands have felt the touch of other races. My eyes have seen wondrous sights.“When I was a child, my world was the garden of my father.“To the west and to the east, to the south and to the north lay the ranges from the Beginning of Time.“When I asked what they were hiding, there was a hush and a hasty shaking of heads. When I insisted, I was taken to the rocks and shown the bleached bones of those who had dared to defy the Gods.“When I cried out and said, ‘It’s a lie! The Gods love those who were brave!’ the Men Who Knew came and read to me from their sacred books. The Law, they explained, had ordained all things of Heaven and Earth. The Valley was ours to have and to hold. The animals and the flowers, the fruit and the fishes were ours, to do our bidding. But the mountains were of the Gods. What lay beyond was to remain unknown until the End of Time.“So they spoke, and they lied. They lied to me, even as they have lied to you.“There are pastures in those hills. Meadows too, as rich as any. And men and women of our own flesh and blood. And cities resplendent with the glories of a thousand years of labor.“I have found the road to a better home. I have seen the promise of a happier life. Follow me and I shall lead you thither. For the smile of Gods is the same there as here and everywhere.”He stopped and there went up a great cry of horror.“Blasphemy!” cried the Old Men. “Blasphemy and sacrilege! A fit punishment for his crime! He has lost his reason. He dares to scoff at the Law as it was written down a thousand years ago. He deserves to die!”And they took up heavy stones.And they killed him.And his body they threw at the foot of the cliffs, that it might lie there as a warning to all who questioned the wisdom of the ancestors.Then it happened a short time latter that there was a great drought0. The little Brook of Knowledge ran dry. The cattle died of thirst. The harvest perished in the fields, and there was hunger in the Valley of Ignorance.The Old Men Who Knew, however, was not disheartened. Everything would all come right in the end, they prophesied, for it was written their most Holy Chapters.Besides, they themselves needed but little food. They were so very old.Winter came.The village was deserted.More than half of the populace died of sheer want.The only hope, for those who survived, lay beyond the mountains.But the Law said “No!”And the law must be obeyed.One night there was a rebellion.Despair gave courage to those whom fear had forced into silence.Feebly the Old Men protested.